< Return to Summary | File Generated: Tue Apr 16 2024 11:48:46 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)

multiple-sellers >> conflicting-seller (OpenBookingApprovalFlow >> ScheduledSession)

Booking Flow: OpenBookingApprovalFlow

Opportunity Type: ScheduledSession

Feature: Core / Multiple Sellers (Implemented)

Test: SellerMismatchError for inconsistent Sellers of OrderItems

Runs C1, C2 and B where Sellers of OrderItems do not match and check SellerMismatchError is returned in all cases.

Running only this test

npm start -- --runInBand test/features/core/multiple-sellers/implemented/conflicting-seller-test.js

Is this test failing?

The OpenActive Reference Implementation test result for this test can be used as a reference to help with debugging.

⚠️ 12 passed with 0 failures, 63 warnings and 36 suggestions

✅ Fetch Opportunities

Booking System Test Interface for OrderItem 0 Request

POST https://localhost:5001/api/openbooking/test-interface/datasets/uat-ci/opportunities

{
  "@type": "ScheduledSession",
  "superEvent": {
    "@type": "SessionSeries",
    "organizer": {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/sellers/1"
    }
  },
  "@context": [
    "https://openactive.io/",
    "https://openactive.io/test-interface"
  ],
  "test:testOpportunityCriteria": "https://openactive.io/test-interface#TestOpportunityBookable",
  "test:testOpenBookingFlow": "https://openactive.io/test-interface#OpenBookingApprovalFlow"
}

Response status code: 200 OK. Responded in 21.109854ms.

{
  "@context": "https://openactive.io/",
  "@type": "ScheduledSession",
  "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2256/events/20256"
}

Booking System Test Interface for OrderItem 1 Request

POST https://localhost:5001/api/openbooking/test-interface/datasets/uat-ci/opportunities

{
  "@type": "ScheduledSession",
  "superEvent": {
    "@type": "SessionSeries",
    "organizer": {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/sellers/2"
    }
  },
  "@context": [
    "https://openactive.io/",
    "https://openactive.io/test-interface"
  ],
  "test:testOpportunityCriteria": "https://openactive.io/test-interface#TestOpportunityBookable",
  "test:testOpenBookingFlow": "https://openactive.io/test-interface#OpenBookingApprovalFlow"
}

Response status code: 200 OK. Responded in 28.797941ms.

{
  "@context": "https://openactive.io/",
  "@type": "ScheduledSession",
  "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2257/events/20257"
}

Opportunity Feed extract for OrderItem 0 Request

GET http://localhost:3000/opportunity/https%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A5001%2Fapi%2Fidentifiers%2Fscheduled-sessions%2F2256%2Fevents%2F20256?useCacheIfAvailable=true

Response status code: 200 OK. Responded in 1068.252811ms.

{
  "state": "updated",
  "id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2256/events/20256",
  "modified": "1713268136364",
  "data": {
    "@context": [
      "https://openactive.io/"
    ],
    "@type": "ScheduledSession",
    "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2256/events/20256",
    "startDate": "2024-04-17T11:48:54+00:00",
    "endDate": "2024-04-17T12:48:54+00:00",
    "superEvent": {
      "@type": "SessionSeries",
      "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2256",
      "identifier": 2256,
      "name": "[OPEN BOOKING API TEST INTERFACE] Bookable Event",
      "activity": [
        {
          "@type": "Concept",
          "@id": "https://openactive.io/activity-list#c07d63a0-8eb9-4602-8bcc-23be6deb8f83",
          "inScheme": "https://openactive.io/activity-list",
          "prefLabel": "Jet Skiing"
        }
      ],
      "eventAttendanceMode": "https://schema.org/OfflineEventAttendanceMode",
      "location": {
        "@type": "Place",
        "@id": "https://example.com/place/1",
        "identifier": 1,
        "name": "Post-ercise Plaza",
        "description": "Sorting Out Your Fitness One Parcel Lift at a Time! Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.",
        "address": {
          "@type": "PostalAddress",
          "addressCountry": "GB",
          "addressLocality": "Oxford",
          "addressRegion": "Oxfordshire",
          "postalCode": "OX1 1AA",
          "streetAddress": "Kings Mead House"
        },
        "amenityFeature": [
          {
            "@type": "ChangingFacilities",
            "name": "Changing Facilities",
            "value": true
          },
          {
            "@type": "Showers",
            "name": "Showers",
            "value": true
          },
          {
            "@type": "Lockers",
            "name": "Lockers",
            "value": true
          },
          {
            "@type": "Towels",
            "name": "Towels",
            "value": false
          },
          {
            "@type": "Creche",
            "name": "Creche",
            "value": false
          },
          {
            "@type": "Parking",
            "name": "Parking",
            "value": false
          }
        ],
        "geo": {
          "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
          "latitude": 51.7502,
          "longitude": -1.2674
        },
        "image": [
          {
            "@type": "ImageObject",
            "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Oxford_StAldates_PostOffice.jpg"
          }
        ],
        "openingHoursSpecification": [
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "17:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Sunday"
            ],
            "opens": "09:00"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Monday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Tuesday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Wednesday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Thursday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Friday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "17:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Saturday"
            ],
            "opens": "09:00"
          }
        ],
        "telephone": "01865 000001",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_Office_Limited"
      },
      "offers": [
        {
          "@type": "Offer",
          "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2256#/offers/0",
          "name": "Adult (off-peak)",
          "acceptedPaymentMethod": [
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#Cash",
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#PaymentMethodCreditCard"
          ],
          "ageRestriction": {
            "@type": "QuantitativeValue",
            "name": "Adult (off-peak)",
            "maxValue": 59,
            "minValue": 18
          },
          "allowCustomerCancellationFullRefund": true,
          "openBookingFlowRequirement": [
            "https://openactive.io/OpenBookingApproval"
          ],
          "price": 0,
          "priceCurrency": "GBP"
        }
      ],
      "organizer": {
        "@type": "Organization",
        "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/sellers/1",
        "name": "Acme Fitness Ltd",
        "isOpenBookingAllowed": true,
        "sameAs": [
          "https://socialmedia.com/AcmeFitnessLtd"
        ],
        "taxMode": "https://openactive.io/TaxGross",
        "telephone": "07072 013751",
        "termsOfService": [
          {
            "@type": "PrivacyPolicy",
            "name": "Privacy Policy",
            "requiresExplicitConsent": false,
            "url": "https://example.com/privacy.html"
          }
        ],
        "url": "https://marlen.com"
      },
      "url": "https://www.example.com/sessions/2256"
    },
    "duration": "PT1H",
    "maximumAttendeeCapacity": 10,
    "remainingAttendeeCapacity": 10
  }
}

Opportunity Feed extract for OrderItem 1 Request

GET http://localhost:3000/opportunity/https%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A5001%2Fapi%2Fidentifiers%2Fscheduled-sessions%2F2257%2Fevents%2F20257?useCacheIfAvailable=true

Response status code: 200 OK. Responded in 1066.889556ms.

{
  "state": "updated",
  "id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2257/events/20257",
  "modified": "1713268136365",
  "data": {
    "@context": [
      "https://openactive.io/"
    ],
    "@type": "ScheduledSession",
    "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2257/events/20257",
    "startDate": "2024-04-17T11:48:54+00:00",
    "endDate": "2024-04-17T12:48:54+00:00",
    "superEvent": {
      "@type": "SessionSeries",
      "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2257",
      "identifier": 2257,
      "name": "GOLDEN: [OPEN BOOKING API TEST INTERFACE] Bookable Event",
      "activity": [
        {
          "@type": "Concept",
          "@id": "https://openactive.io/activity-list#c07d63a0-8eb9-4602-8bcc-23be6deb8f83",
          "inScheme": "https://openactive.io/activity-list",
          "prefLabel": "Jet Skiing"
        }
      ],
      "eventAttendanceMode": "https://schema.org/OfflineEventAttendanceMode",
      "location": {
        "@type": "Place",
        "@id": "https://example.com/place/1",
        "identifier": 1,
        "name": "Post-ercise Plaza",
        "description": "Sorting Out Your Fitness One Parcel Lift at a Time! Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.",
        "address": {
          "@type": "PostalAddress",
          "addressCountry": "GB",
          "addressLocality": "Oxford",
          "addressRegion": "Oxfordshire",
          "postalCode": "OX1 1AA",
          "streetAddress": "Kings Mead House"
        },
        "amenityFeature": [
          {
            "@type": "ChangingFacilities",
            "name": "Changing Facilities",
            "value": true
          },
          {
            "@type": "Showers",
            "name": "Showers",
            "value": true
          },
          {
            "@type": "Lockers",
            "name": "Lockers",
            "value": true
          },
          {
            "@type": "Towels",
            "name": "Towels",
            "value": false
          },
          {
            "@type": "Creche",
            "name": "Creche",
            "value": false
          },
          {
            "@type": "Parking",
            "name": "Parking",
            "value": false
          }
        ],
        "geo": {
          "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
          "latitude": 51.7502,
          "longitude": -1.2674
        },
        "image": [
          {
            "@type": "ImageObject",
            "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Oxford_StAldates_PostOffice.jpg"
          }
        ],
        "openingHoursSpecification": [
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "17:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Sunday"
            ],
            "opens": "09:00"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Monday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Tuesday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Wednesday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Thursday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "21:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Friday"
            ],
            "opens": "06:30"
          },
          {
            "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification",
            "closes": "17:30",
            "dayOfWeek": [
              "https://schema.org/Saturday"
            ],
            "opens": "09:00"
          }
        ],
        "telephone": "01865 000001",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_Office_Limited"
      },
      "offers": [
        {
          "@type": "Offer",
          "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2257#/offers/0",
          "name": "Adult",
          "acceptedPaymentMethod": [
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#Cash",
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#PaymentMethodCreditCard"
          ],
          "ageRestriction": {
            "@type": "QuantitativeValue",
            "name": "Adult",
            "maxValue": 59,
            "minValue": 18
          },
          "allowCustomerCancellationFullRefund": true,
          "openBookingFlowRequirement": [
            "https://openactive.io/OpenBookingApproval"
          ],
          "price": 14.99,
          "priceCurrency": "GBP"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Offer",
          "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2257#/offers/0",
          "name": "Junior",
          "acceptedPaymentMethod": [
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#Cash",
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#PaymentMethodCreditCard"
          ],
          "ageRestriction": {
            "@type": "QuantitativeValue",
            "name": "Junior",
            "maxValue": 17
          },
          "allowCustomerCancellationFullRefund": true,
          "openBookingFlowRequirement": [
            "https://openactive.io/OpenBookingApproval"
          ],
          "price": 14.99,
          "priceCurrency": "GBP"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Offer",
          "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2257#/offers/0",
          "name": "Senior",
          "acceptedPaymentMethod": [
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#Cash",
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#PaymentMethodCreditCard"
          ],
          "ageRestriction": {
            "@type": "QuantitativeValue",
            "name": "Senior",
            "minValue": 60
          },
          "allowCustomerCancellationFullRefund": true,
          "openBookingFlowRequirement": [
            "https://openactive.io/OpenBookingApproval"
          ],
          "price": 14.99,
          "priceCurrency": "GBP"
        },
        {
          "@type": "Offer",
          "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2257#/offers/0",
          "name": "Adult (off-peak)",
          "acceptedPaymentMethod": [
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#Cash",
            "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#PaymentMethodCreditCard"
          ],
          "ageRestriction": {
            "@type": "QuantitativeValue",
            "name": "Adult (off-peak)",
            "maxValue": 59,
            "minValue": 18
          },
          "allowCustomerCancellationFullRefund": true,
          "openBookingFlowRequirement": [
            "https://openactive.io/OpenBookingApproval"
          ],
          "price": 14.99,
          "priceCurrency": "GBP"
        }
      ],
      "organizer": {
        "@type": "Organization",
        "@id": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/sellers/2",
        "name": "Road Runner Bookcamp Ltd",
        "isOpenBookingAllowed": true,
        "sameAs": [
          "https://socialmedia.com/RoadRunnerBookcampLtd"
        ],
        "taxMode": "https://openactive.io/TaxNet",
        "telephone": "02917 250526",
        "termsOfService": [
          {
            "@type": "PrivacyPolicy",
            "name": "Privacy Policy",
            "requiresExplicitConsent": false,
            "url": "https://example.com/privacy.html"
          }
        ],
        "url": "http://geraldine.biz"
      },
      "url": "https://www.example.com/sessions/2257"
    },
    "duration": "PT1H",
    "maximumAttendeeCapacity": 10,
    "remainingAttendeeCapacity": 10
  }
}

Specs

✅ Fetch Opportunities >> validation of Opportunity Feed extract for OrderItem 0

Specs

Validations

✅ Fetch Opportunities >> validation of Opportunity Feed extract for OrderItem 1

Specs

Validations

❔ C1

C1 Request

PUT https://localhost:5001/api/openbooking/order-quote-templates/bbb610f2-bf15-4969-acbb-b74ea60604f9

{
  "@context": "https://openactive.io/",
  "@type": "OrderQuote",
  "brokerRole": "https://openactive.io/AgentBroker",
  "broker": {
    "@type": "Organization",
    "name": "MyFitnessApp",
    "url": "https://myfitnessapp.example.com",
    "description": "A fitness app for all the community",
    "logo": {
      "@type": "ImageObject",
      "url": "http://data.myfitnessapp.org.uk/images/logo.png"
    },
    "address": {
      "@type": "PostalAddress",
      "streetAddress": "Alan Peacock Way",
      "addressLocality": "Village East",
      "addressRegion": "Middlesbrough",
      "postalCode": "TS4 3AE",
      "addressCountry": "GB"
    }
  },
  "seller": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/sellers/1",
  "orderedItem": [
    {
      "@type": "OrderItem",
      "position": 0,
      "acceptedOffer": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2256#/offers/0",
      "orderedItem": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2256/events/20256"
    },
    {
      "@type": "OrderItem",
      "position": 1,
      "acceptedOffer": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2257#/offers/0",
      "orderedItem": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2257/events/20257"
    }
  ],
  "payment": {
    "@type": "Payment",
    "name": "AcmeBroker Points",
    "accountId": "SN1593",
    "paymentProviderId": "STRIPE"
  }
}

Response status code: 500 Internal Server Error. Responded in 22.572681ms.

{
  "@context": "https://openactive.io/",
  "@type": "SellerMismatchError",
  "name": "At least one of the 'OrderItem's did not match the specified 'seller'.",
  "statusCode": 500,
  "description": "OrderItem at position 1 did not match the specified SellerId"
}

✅ C1 >> validation of C1

Specs

Validations

✅ Assert Opportunity Capacity (after C1)

Specs

✅ Assert Opportunity Capacity (after C1) >> validation of Opportunity Feed extract for OrderItem 0

Specs

Validations

✅ Assert Opportunity Capacity (after C1) >> validation of Opportunity Feed extract for OrderItem 1

Specs

Validations

❔ C2

C2 Request

PUT https://localhost:5001/api/openbooking/order-quotes/bbb610f2-bf15-4969-acbb-b74ea60604f9

{
  "@context": "https://openactive.io/",
  "@type": "OrderQuote",
  "brokerRole": "https://openactive.io/AgentBroker",
  "broker": {
    "@type": "Organization",
    "name": "MyFitnessApp",
    "url": "https://myfitnessapp.example.com",
    "description": "A fitness app for all the community",
    "logo": {
      "@type": "ImageObject",
      "url": "http://data.myfitnessapp.org.uk/images/logo.png"
    },
    "address": {
      "@type": "PostalAddress",
      "streetAddress": "Alan Peacock Way",
      "addressLocality": "Village East",
      "addressRegion": "Middlesbrough",
      "postalCode": "TS4 3AE",
      "addressCountry": "GB"
    }
  },
  "seller": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/sellers/1",
  "customer": {
    "@type": "Person",
    "email": "[email protected]",
    "telephone": "302.561.6927",
    "givenName": "Rutherford",
    "familyName": "Hailey",
    "identifier": "8a7941f5-17fb-46df-a84e-6f385e0e5f2a"
  },
  "orderedItem": [
    {
      "@type": "OrderItem",
      "position": 0,
      "acceptedOffer": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2256#/offers/0",
      "orderedItem": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2256/events/20256"
    },
    {
      "@type": "OrderItem",
      "position": 1,
      "acceptedOffer": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2257#/offers/0",
      "orderedItem": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2257/events/20257"
    }
  ],
  "payment": {
    "@type": "Payment",
    "name": "AcmeBroker Points",
    "accountId": "SN1593",
    "paymentProviderId": "STRIPE"
  }
}

Response status code: 500 Internal Server Error. Responded in 21.674618ms.

{
  "@context": "https://openactive.io/",
  "@type": "SellerMismatchError",
  "name": "At least one of the 'OrderItem's did not match the specified 'seller'.",
  "statusCode": 500,
  "description": "OrderItem at position 1 did not match the specified SellerId"
}

✅ C2 >> validation of C2

Specs

Validations

✅ Assert Opportunity Capacity (after C2)

Specs

✅ Assert Opportunity Capacity (after C2) >> validation of Opportunity Feed extract for OrderItem 0

Specs

Validations

✅ Assert Opportunity Capacity (after C2) >> validation of Opportunity Feed extract for OrderItem 1

Specs

Validations

✅ P

P Request

PUT https://localhost:5001/api/openbooking/order-proposals/bbb610f2-bf15-4969-acbb-b74ea60604f9

{
  "@context": "https://openactive.io/",
  "@type": "OrderProposal",
  "brokerRole": "https://openactive.io/AgentBroker",
  "broker": {
    "@type": "Organization",
    "name": "MyFitnessApp",
    "url": "https://myfitnessapp.example.com",
    "description": "A fitness app for all the community",
    "logo": {
      "@type": "ImageObject",
      "url": "http://data.myfitnessapp.org.uk/images/logo.png"
    },
    "address": {
      "@type": "PostalAddress",
      "streetAddress": "Alan Peacock Way",
      "addressLocality": "Village East",
      "addressRegion": "Middlesbrough",
      "postalCode": "TS4 3AE",
      "addressCountry": "GB"
    }
  },
  "seller": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/sellers/1",
  "customer": {
    "@type": "Person",
    "email": "[email protected]",
    "telephone": "302.561.6927",
    "givenName": "Rutherford",
    "familyName": "Hailey",
    "identifier": "8a7941f5-17fb-46df-a84e-6f385e0e5f2a"
  },
  "orderedItem": [
    {
      "@type": "OrderItem",
      "position": 0,
      "acceptedOffer": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2256#/offers/0",
      "orderedItem": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2256/events/20256"
    },
    {
      "@type": "OrderItem",
      "position": 1,
      "acceptedOffer": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/session-series/2257#/offers/0",
      "orderedItem": "https://localhost:5001/api/identifiers/scheduled-sessions/2257/events/20257"
    }
  ],
  "totalPaymentDue": {
    "@type": "PriceSpecification",
    "price": 0,
    "priceCurrency": "GBP"
  }
}

Response status code: 500 Internal Server Error. Responded in 156.410082ms.

{
  "@context": "https://openactive.io/",
  "@type": "SellerMismatchError",
  "name": "At least one of the 'OrderItem's did not match the specified 'seller'.",
  "statusCode": 500,
  "description": "OrderItem at position 1 did not match the specified SellerId"
}

Specs

✅ P >> validation of P

Specs

Validations